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A transcontinental country beautifully spread across Europe as well as Asia, Turkey makes for a wonderful tourist destination. Though it is far-famed for its historical sites, it is popular amongst offbeat explorers as the ultimate vacation place. Turkey has beautiful experiences to offer tourists of all ages and kinds. Couples can enjoy hot-air balloon rides over Cappadocia and enjoy a tranquilizing Turkish bath. Families can spend beautiful moments at theme parks and by the white sandy shores. While history lovers have the corridors of Ephesus and the grandness of Hagia Sophia, shoppers have got the world-popular Grand Bazaar. And of course, there is the famed Turkish cuisine to delight your taste buds at all times. Turkey also houses thousands of undiscovered trails. Discover them and admire the charm that this country holds.

USEFUL INFO. ABOUT TURKEY

OFFICIAL NAME: Republic of Turkey

FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Presidential-Republican Parliamentary Democracy

CAPITAL CITY: Ankara

LARGEST CITY: Istanbul

POPULATION: 82 Million (As of 2018)

OFFICIAL LANGUAGE(S): Turkish

LANGUAGES SPOKEN: Turkish, Kurmanji, Arabic, Zazaki, Laz and English

ETHNICITY: 70.6% Turks, 18.4% Kurds, 1.5% Zaza, 1.4% Lebanese Arabs, 1.4% Kabardians Circassians, 0.9% Iraqi Arabs, 0.8% Persians, 0.7% Azerbaijanis

CURRENCY: Turkish Lira ₺ TRY

MAP REFERRED: (Eurasia, for being a transcontinental country)

AREA: 783,562 Sq Km

Land: 770,760 Sq Km

Water: 12,802 Sq Km

Highest Point: Mount Ararat 5,137 M

Lowest Point: Mediterranean Sea 0 M

Network / Connectivity

Turkey has amazing connectivity when it comes to internet and phone services. All the major cities and towns of the country offer high-speed internet. Hotels, airports, cafes, apartments, and dorms - you would find great connectivity everywhere, mostly for Free. Even the treehouses of Turkey provide their guests with the best Wi-Fi services. Hence, tourists shouldn't worry about internet access while visiting Turkey. However, if you are looking to use the web on the go, then it is advisable to buy a local SIM card. The major mobile phone companies that operate in the country and offers great services are:

Turkcell
Vodafone
Turk Telecom

All of these provide 2G, 3G, and 4G LTE services.
Buy any of the above-given companies' SIM Card and get it credited with some balance to use internet and phone services on the go. You can purchase one either at the airport upon landing or in the city. There are hundreds of stores in every city and town where you can buy a local SIM card. You can also visit your hotel/resort to help you get one.

Use web-based services wherever possible to make domestic as well as international calls. This way you wouldn't have to pay anything extra for making calls. All you would be required to have is a great internet plan.

Turkish lira is the legal currency of Turkey and is valid across the country. It was introduced for the first time in the year 1923 and since then, it has been in use for exchanging goods and services. However, in the past, the Ottoman lira used to function as legal tender.

The world 'lira' is claimed to have been derived from 'libra', a unit of measurement used during the ancient Roman Era.

Symbol: ₺
Code: TRY

1 Turkish lira = 100 kurus
1 Turkish lira TRY = 0.62 United Arab Emirates Dirham (As of 22 January 2020)

Turkish lira notes can be found in the denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200
Turkish lira coins can be found in the denomination of 1, 50 kurus, 25 kurus, 10 kurus, 5kurus and 1 kurus
Avoid traveling with traveler's cheques because they are accepted at only a few banks in Turkey. Moreover, the exchanging process is quite inconvenient. It is always better to rely on debit and credit cards or good hard cash.

The history of Turkey dates back to the Neolithic Period thousands of years ago before the Common Era. These were the times when modern-day Turkey was a territory spanning across Anatolia and Eastern Thrace and had Hattians and Hurrians as inhabitants. And the presence of sites like Gobekli Tape and Catalhoyuk, the oldest-known religious site and city respectively, proves it.

However, the actual development that could be traced easily started around 1200 BCE. During this time, the country became home to Aeolians and Ionian Greeks too. Cities started forming and cultural development geared up swiftly. In subsequent years, Turkey became a part of the Achaemenid Empire before falling into the hands of Alexander the Great.

During this period, Hellenism occurred and Greek culture came into the picture. It became widespread under the Roman Empire. All of this resulted in the extinction of the Anatolian culture. Later on, the Christian era prevailed and the country witnessed a sudden rise in the formation of structures. Antioch became the first place to nourish the Christian community. Constantinople was declared the capital city.

However, due to wars amongst several empires, the country never remained in the hands of a single dynasty. It was also ruled by the Seljuk dynasty and Ottoman Empire until it became a republic and declared its own body of law in the early 20th century.

Since then, Turkey has been developing at a fast pace. Today, it is one of the most popular and most powerful nations across the world. With its historical sites, architectural marvels and natural charm, it attracts millions of travelers every year. So, visit the country and trace its historical development.

Turkey is a transcontinental country spanned Asia and Europe. However, it has about 97% of the total area within Asia that is separated by the Bosporus. It is surrounded by three seas: the Mediterranean Sea on the South, the Black Sea on the North and the Aegean Sea on the West.

With mountains, forests, lakes, waterfalls, rivers, plains, hills and of course, beaches, the country presents a wonderful expanse and hosts amazing biodiversity.

Turkey is spread across 783,562 sq km and is mostly comprised of land. The countries that border it include Armenia, Bulgaria, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Greece, Iran, Iraq, and Syria. The highest point and the lowest point in Turkey are Mount Ararat at 5,137 m and the Mediterranean Sea at 0 m respectively.

As Turkey has been ruled by several dynasties in the past, its culture showcases a heterogeneous mix of elements from different cultures of the West and Central Asia. However, most of the customs and traditions that are prevalent in the country today were introduced during the era of the Ottoman Empire. And this is quite evident if you take a look at the art and craft, music and food of the country.

Art and Music
Turkish art has derived its elements from the Medieval Age as well as the early Modern period. Whether it is Turkish tiles, wooden houses, pottery or the designs of the Turkish bath, everywhere you would find a lot of elements from the Ottoman culture. However, you would also come across several specialties from the Seljuks and the early Turks. When it comes to music, Turkey has remained influenced by the Arabic, the Greek, the Central Asian, the Persian and obviously, the Ottoman music forms. That's the reason, the traditional music of Turkey is so varied. The major traditional music instruments include tambur, kanun, mevlevi, kemence, ney and oud.

Hospitality
Turkish people are quite friendly and the kind of hospitality they provide their guests with is commendable. Whether you are from the West or the East or you belong to the Muslim community or the Christian Community, Turkish people welcome everyone with a great smile. They love inviting people to their houses and offer them scrumptious meals. They love when people admire their culture and traditions and mingle with them. That's the reason tourists visiting Turkey love to come again and again.

Food and Drink
Turkish Cuisine is unique and flavourful and unarguably loved beyond boundaries. Though Turkish cuisine is largely influenced by the traditions of the Ottoman Empire, you would still find several elements from the era of the early Turks in it. It is known for the lighter use of spices and the abundant use of olive oil. Restaurants and cafes across Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir and other places of Turkey serve a great variety of Turkish cuisine. People love eating kebabs, the national dish of the country, rice with meatballs, stuffed dolmas, fish and maize dishes. Tea is the national drink of Turkey. Hence, you would find locals savoring their favorite beverage throughout day and night.

Must-try Delicacies
Mezze, Baklava, Gozleme, Iskender Kebab, Turkish Ravioli, Kumpir, and Pottery Kebab

Must-try Drinks
Turkish Tea, Raki, Ayran, Turkish coffee, Salep, and Cay

Learn about the untold and unknown history at some of the world's oldest sites and constructions.

Ride a hot-air balloon over Cappadocia and enjoy the extensive views of Turkey's colorful landscapes.

Take a refreshing bath in the natural hot springs of Pamukkale and detox your body in peace.

Capture the majesty of the sky-touching Hagia Sophia and take home incredible photos.

Shop for unseen souvenirs at one of the world's largest markets, Grand Bazaar, and experience its unique vibrant streets.

Relish authentic Turkish coffee, enjoy flavorsome Turkish delights and savor world-renowned Turkish food.

Spend days exploring some of the most beautiful and least explored beaches in the world.

Trace several ancient Greek cities and take a giant leap into the yesteryears of mankind.

Sail off on an unending adventure in the blue waters of the Mediterranean Sea and satisfy the daredevil in you.

Go on an exciting journey in the Pontic Mountains and come across the unspoken natural trails of Turkey.

Take a day trip to the whistle village of Kuskoy where residents use bird language to communicate with each other. Learn about their one of a kind culture.

Due to vast expanse, Turkey has a diverse topography and hence, experiences different types of climate simultaneously at different places. The Turkish Black Sea coast has a marine climate, due to which, it experiences warm summers and cool to cold winters, both characterized by little precipitation.

The coastal regions of the Mediterranean Sea and the Aegean Sea have dry summer kind of climate and hence, experience hot and dry summers and cool winters.

The region of Turkey that borders the Sea of Marmara has a climate that lies somewhere between the Mediterranean and the Marine Climate zones. That's the reason, these coastal areas experience warm to hot summers and cool to cold winters. However, the summers are dry and the winters are wet.

Coming to the interior parts of Turkey, the climate is of extreme nature. The summers, as well as the winters, are harsh in these regions.

June and July are generally the hottest months across the country.

December, January, and February are the coldest months in Turkey.

Though Turkey remains a year-round destination for travelers, the best months when you can make the most of your trip and enjoy the beauties of Turkey comfortably are April and October. These are the months when you would find the entire country a paradisal land.

The period from November until the end of February is considered an off-season in Turkey. During this period, you wouldn't find the tourist crowd and hence, can roam around in peace.

Visit Turkey with Family

Watch the sacred dance of whirling dervishes.

Visit the ruins of Ephesus and figure out the history of Turkey.

Shop at the local markets and buy lots of souvenirs.

Dine together and devour some mouth-watering traditional Turkish dishes.

Cruise through Bosphorus, the inner strait that connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Mammar.

Visit Turkey as a Couple

Book a hot-air balloon ride over Cappadocia and feel romance in the air.

Have a refreshing bath in the turquoise natural bathtubs of Pamukkale.

Sunbathe and chill on the white shores of Alanya and Fethiye beaches.

Capture the splendor of the incredible Hagia Sophia and create beautiful memories.

Go for a romantic dinner and savor world-class cuisine.

Hold hands and step into the past at the ancient sites of Lycia, Mount Nemrut and Gobekli Tepe.

Visit Turkey with Friends

Smoke the traditional hookah, drink Turkish beer and sink into the culture of Turkey.

Try adventurous activities such as river rafting, windsurfing, parasailing and more.

Take a refreshing Turkish bath and gain a lifetime experience.

Visit art museums and learn the crafts invented by Turkey.

Go hiking and trekking in the beautiful hills of Turkey.

Visit Turkey with Kids

Watch miniature models of Turkey's famous places at Miniaturk.

Witness colorful marine life at TurkuaZoo Aquarium in Istanbul.

Plan a tour of the Jurassic Land and let your children understand history.

Indulge in fun activities at Atlantis Marmaris Waterpark.

Visit Izmir and explore its beautiful Wildlife Park and the intriguing Space Camp.

What to Buy?

Turkish Carpets

Nargile Pipes

Turkish Ceramics

Lemon Cologne

Turkish delight

Turkish Coffee

Blue Evil Eye

Mosaic Lamps

Cappadocia Clayware

Traditional Instruments

Turkish spice

Turkish tea

Cappadocia
Located near Kayseri, Cappadocia is one of the best places in Turkey that are responsible for making Turkey tourism a grand success. Far-framed for being a hot-air ballooning site, Cappadocia is a lot more than just being a retreat for couples and adventurers. Undoubtedly, it is the best place to fly high in a hot-air balloon and capture unbelievable views of Turkey. But, it is a great place for photographers too. Uneven grounds, fairy chimneys, rocky hills, and scarce vegetation - everything together makes Cappadocia a heaven-like expanse.
Timings: 05:00 am to 08:00 pm
Price: $130 - $300 per for hot-air ballooning

Istanbul
The soul of Turkey, Istanbul is a transcontinental city and is home to hundreds of intriguing places. It has seaside charm, historical beauties, architectural marvels, futuristic setting, and a vibrant nightlife to savor. From the Golden Horn to the world-renowned Hagia Sophia and wonderful Grand Bazaar to the picturesque Blue Mosque Istanbul, everything is a feast for the eyes. As most of the tourists coming to Turkey land in Istanbul, it is one of the most visited places in the country. The historic areas of Istanbul make up a small ancient world together.

Ephesus
If Istanbul is the soul of Turkey, then the Greek city of Ephesus is surely its heart. Because of historical places like Ephesus, Turkey has gained worldwide recognition amongst explorers, especially history lovers. Though the city is more of a ruined complex, it was one of the significant parts of the ancient world approximately 2500 years ago. And that says a lot about its prominence in today's era. The beautiful facade of the Library of Celsus would hypnotize you with its grandiosity. The ruined Temple of Artemis would intrigue you.
Timings: 08:00 am to 06:30 pm
Price: $13 per person

Pamukkale
Located in Denizli, Pamukkale is a beauty beyond your imagination. Harboring beautiful bathtubs filled with turquoise waters, the site of Pamukkale is no less than wonder and hence, serves as a great escape. Take a refreshing bath in these natural thermal springs and spend your day detoxing your body. You can also visit the nearby ruined yet breathtaking Greek city of Hierapolis that makes Pamukkale an amazing getaway for history lovers too.
Timings:
06:30 am to 09:00 pm (April to October)
06:30 am to 07:00 pm (November to March)
Price: $10

Antalya
Settled on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, Antalya Turkey has been a popular tourist destination for decades. The city and its surroundings boast of great sandy beaches, waterfalls, lush greenery and of course, historical sites. In short, the place has everything that an explorer always looks forward to. Take a stroll along the beautiful sea, walk through ancient aisles or capture amazing cityscape - there are a lot of things to relish here. The major places to visit in Antalya include Duden Waterfalls, Konyaalti Beach, Hadrian's Gate and Aladdin Mosque.

Alanya
One of the major cities in Turkey, Alanya in Turkey is every beach lover's paradise. No wonder, the city remains a popular tourist destination in the country. Though it is mostly recognized for its beautiful shores and other natural attractions, it is home to numerous historical sites. Apart from spending your day sunbathing and building mud castles on the beach, you can enjoy the majesty of the beautiful Alanya Castle, the historic Kizil Kule Tower and the ancient Tersane dock. Visit Alanya if you want to savor the charm of Turkey away from its usual tracks.

Izmir
Another popular seaside settlement in Turkey, the metropolitan expanse of Izmir has everything that a tourist looks forward to. It is also called the Pearl of the Aegean for being a picturesque settlement on the Aegean Sea. As the city is thousands of years old, it is a famous weekend retreat for history lovers. However, due to the presence of several natural sites, the city has gained fame amongst families and couples too in recent times. Hence, it makes for one of the best places to visit in Turkey.

Grand Bazaar
Grand Bazaar is one of the reasons Istanbul is successful in alluring millions of tourists every year. Apart from rich attractions like Hagia Sophia, if there is anything worth exploring by avid shoppers, then it is the age-old Grand Bazaar. Hence, it is a significant part of Istanbul tourism. One of the oldest markets in the world, Grand Bazaar is spread across more than 60 streets and houses about 4000 shops. The best of Turkish rugs and ceramics are found in its narrow beautiful lanes. Walkthrough the market, feel its vibrant atmosphere and take home priceless souvenirs. It is a perfect place for shopping in Istanbul.

Sumela Monastery A trip to Sumela Monastery isn't just about getting transported to the ancient world. It has a lot more attributed to its beauty and charm. For being located on a ledge in Pontic Mountains and surrounded by lush greenery, it is a tourist destination for trekkers, hikers and nature photographers. From the top of the monastery, you get to frame some of the best panoramas of the country. The monastery is located at a height of about 3900 feet and was built in the 4th century. It is an important part of Turkey tourism.
Timings: 09:00 am to 07:00 pm
Entrance Fee: $1.7 per head

Akdamar Island
Located in Lake Van, Akdamar Island has to be on the list of every explorer, especially offbeat travelers. Harboring a peaceful environment and nurturing spotless nature, the island makes for a great weekend getaway. The 10th century Holy Cross Cathedral is another place on the island that grabs the attention of many travelers. Pitch your tent and spend a day camping amid a tranquil island. Experiment with your photography skills and capture the reflection of snow-laden mountains in the water. Visit the island during the spring season to watch it adorned with beautiful flowers.
Average Price: $4
Timings: Anytime

Other places of importance and popular cities in Turkey

Pigeon Valley

Bodrum

Kuskoy, the village of whistles

Pontic Mountains

Derinkuyu Underground City

Sapanca Turkey

Fethiye

Kusadasi

Saklikent National Park

Troy Turkey

Uludag Mountain Resort

Gokceada Island

Yalova Turkey

Ayder Valley

Rize Turkey

Ortakoy

Religious festivals

Ramadan
Being a Muslim country, Ramadan is one of the most-awaited and observed festivals in Turkey. It is the time when the entire country fasts during the day and feasts on luscious meals in the evenings. The entire month is considered auspicious and hence, is celebrated with great fervor. The festival provides an insight into Islamic traditions and the traditions of Turkey.
Location: Across the country
Date: Varies

Festival of Sacrifice
Also known as Eid al-Adha, the Festival of Sacrifice is the day when Muslims sacrifice a goat or a sheep, prepare meals and share them with the poor and with relatives. The festival witnesses happiness all around as people wear new clothes and enjoy traditional activities.
Location: Across the country
Date: Varies

Victory Day
A national day, Victory Day in Turkey is celebrated in the memory of the Battle of Dumlupinar that happened during the Turkish War of Independence. On this day, military parades are held. The president of Turkey delivers a speech resonating patriotism amongst citizens.
Location: Turkey Country
Date: 30 August

Republic Day
Another day of national significance, Republic Day in Turkey is celebrated to commemorate the day when the country was declared a republic state. It is one of the most celebrated days in the country. Witness concerts, fireworks, parades and more. Cultural events and programs are also held in schools.
Location: Turkey Area
Date: 29th October

Istanbul International Music Festival
The ultimate festival to enjoy music and rock concerts in Turkey is the world-renowned Istanbul International Music Festival. Musicians and artists from all over the globe come to perform in this cultural event. People get to enjoy jazz, theatre, contemporary art, and dance.
Location: Istanbul City
Date: June

Mevlana Whirling Dervishes Festival
A celebration of traditional dance and music, Mevlana Whirling Dervishes Festival is an experience in itself. This week-long religious festival observes the followers of Saint Mevlana dancing to Sufi songs. They whirl around in white outfits and remember the almighty god.
Location: Konya Turkey
Date: November/December

Oil Wrestling Festival
Oil wrestling is the national sport of Turkey and that's the reason, there is an entire festival dedicated to this sport. During this festival, contenders apply olive oil all over their bodies and fight with each other in grassy fields. As the festival has a history of more than 4000 years, it has a significant place in the heart of the Turkish people.
Location: Near Edirne, Turkey
Date: Varies

Turkey is a beautiful place and its magnificence is popular across the globe. It's natural, as well as man-made wonders don't need any kind of introduction. Tourists get attracted to its unending charm and explore the country with great interests. That's the reason, Turkey is one of the most frequented tourist destinations in the world. But, there are certain requirements you need to fulfill in order to enter the boundaries of Turkey. Below given is all the Turkey tourist visa information you would need.

Northern Cyprus is the only country whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey without any restrictions. Tourists coming from Northern Cyprus can come to Turkey to study, live, work or obviously for tourism purposes. Turkey also gives several countries the privilege of entering its boundaries without any visa under its visa-exempt policy. Tourists coming from these countries can stay in Turkey for a maximum period of 90 days. However, you would be required to have an ID card.
Below listed are all those countries:
Albania, Germany, Lithuania, Serbia, Andorra, Greece, Luxembourg, Seychelles, Argentina, Guatemala, Malaysia, Singapore, Belize, Honduras, Moldova, Slovakia, Bolivia, Hong Kong, Monaco, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Montenegro, South Korea, Brazil, Iceland, Morocco, Sweden, Bulgaria, Iran, ew Zealand, Switzerland, Chile, Israel, Nicaragua, Tajikistan, Colombia, Italy, North Macedonia, Trinidad and Tobago, Czech Republic, Japan, Panama, Tunisia, Denmark, Jordan, Paraguay, Ukraine, Ecuador, Kazakhstan, Peru, Uruguay, El Salvador, Kosovo, Qatar, Uzbekistan, Estonia, Kuwait, RomÃ¢nia, Vatican City, Finland, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Venezuela, France, Lebanon, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Georgia, Liechtenstein, San Marino

Azerbaijan, Belarus, Brunei, Costa Rica, Latvia, Macao, Mongolia, Thailand, and Turkmenistan citizens can stay only up to 30 days per visit.

As per the visa policy of Turkey, the following is the list of the countries whose people are eligible to apply for e-visas. Tourists from these countries can stay for a period ranging in between 30 days and 90 days. Antigua and Barbuda, Cyprus, Malta, South Africa, Armenia, Dominica, Mauritius, Spain, Australia, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Suriname, Austria, East Timor, Netherlands, Taiwan, Bahamas, Fiji, Norway, UAE, Bahrain, Grenada, Oman, UK, Barbados, Haiti, Poland, USA, Belgium, Indonesia, Portugal, Canada, Ireland, Saint Lucia, China, Jamaica, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Croatia, Maldives, Saudi Arabia

Tourists from the below-given countries, the citizens of which are required to meet certain conditions before applying for e-visas. Afghanistan, Djibouti, Lesotho, Republic of the Congo, Algeria, Egypt, Liberia, Rwanda, Angola, Equatorial Guinea, Libya, Sao Tome and Principe, Bangladesh, Eritrea, Madagascar, Senegal, Benin, Eswatini, Malawi, Sierra Leone, Bhutan, Ethiopia, Mali, Somalia, Botswana, Gabon, Mauritania, Solomon Islands, Burkina, Faso, Gambia, Mozambique, Sri Lanka, Burundi, Ghana, Namibia, Sudan, Cambodia, Guinea, Nepal, Tanzania, Cameroon, Guinea-Bissau, Niger, Togo, Cape Verde, India, Nigeria, Uganda, Central African Republic, Iraq, Pakistan, Vanuatu, Chad, Ivory Coast, Palestine, Vietnam, Comoros, Kenya, Philippines, Yemen, Democratic Republic of Congo, Zambia, Zimbabwe

The requirements are:

Must have a hotel reservation

Must have adequate balance for financial support ($50 per day)

(Except for Gabon and Zambia) Must have a valid visa or residence permit from any one of Schengen area countries, United States, Ireland, and the United Kingdom

(Except for India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and the Philippines) Must fly with any one of AtlasGlobal, Onus Air, Pegasus Airlines, Turkish Airlines

Buses/ Dolmuses
Turkey has an amazing public transport system and bus/dolmus is one of the cheapest and convenient means of transportation. Almost every city across the country has plenty of buses. A bus/dolmus ride within the cities like Istanbul and Ankara would cost you about $1. The price is approximately the same for metros and trams.

Taxis
All the tourist places in Turkey has plentiful taxis. You can find them on every street. The yellow taxis in the major cities of Turkey charge about $0.50 per kilometer. And hence, they are quite affordable. Most of the taxis charge according to the onboard meter. Tourists can also book online cab services like BiTaksi.

Metros/Trams
One of the most preferred and comfortable means of transport in major urban centers of Turkey is the metro/tram. The tourist places in cities like Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir are well-connected via metro/tram. Buy a smart ticket, credit it with some balance and explore your favorite sites in comfort.

Cycle
If nothing appeals to you and you want to be your own guide in the city, then hire a cycle and paddle your way. It is cheap as well as convenient. However, you would need to have a certain level of fitness if you want to ride in and around the city without getting tired. Tourists can ask their hotel/resort staff to manage one for them.

Via Air Route
Turkey is home to a number of international airports. Hence, all the major cities of the country are well-connected to the world by air. The busiest airports in Turkey include:

Ataturk Airport, Istanbul

Sabiha Gokcen Airport, Istanbul

Antalya Airport, Antalya

Esenboga Airport, Ankara

Adnan Airport, Izmir

Sakirpasa Airport, Adana

Once you have reached the airport, you can hire a cab or use the bus service to reach your destination.

Via Rail Route
Turkey has a high-speed and well-developed railway network. From places like Istanbul and Ankara, you can take connecting trains to reach places like Greece, Bulgaria, Armenia and more.

Via Road Route
There are international buses that ply between Turkey and its neighboring countries. Located in Istanbul, the International Bus Terminal connects the city to countries like Greece, Romania, and Bulgaria. Here, you can also find buses running between Turkey and the Middle East.

Via Water Route
Places like Ankara, Konya, and Adana cannot be directly accessed via the water route for being landlocked cities. But, one can surely cruise down to cities like Istanbul, Izmir and Antalya for they belong to the coastal region of the country. However, as the option of taking a cruise is neither cost-friendly nor time-saving, most of the tourists coming to Turkey prefer either the rail network or the airway.

TRAVEL TIPS

Buy a Turkish number as soon as you land to get access to Wi-Fi in restaurants and hotels. Even at the airport, you wouldn't be able to use Wi-Fi without a Turkish number.

Get a fanny bag and keep all your money and valuables in it while exploring around.

Be aware of pick-pocketing in crowded places. Keep a tab on your belongings.

Use public transport as much as you can. It is convenient and would help you cut down on time and money.

Turkey is quite safe for females. However, women shall not make excursions alone in the unexplored or far-away hills or mountains.

If you are on a tight budget, then it is better to find accommodation on the outskirts of the city.

Always carry a copy of your passport and a hotel card while going out. It would help you in emergencies.

Keep an international adapter to make your journey smooth and easy-going.

Wear sunscreen and a hat in the open when you are visiting a hot place to avoid getting tanned.

If you want to feel the actual Turkey and enjoy that local vibe, then always go for the B & B (Bed & Breakfast) option.

Purchase a museum to avoid standing in long queues for tickets. You can buy one from your hotel itself.

The Uyuuyu Waterfall in the outer region of Ankara has trekking trails too. Adventure seekers must not miss this beautiful unexplored site.

Hire a guide if you want to know about a place in detail. They would also help you know the best-unexplored places in the surroundings.

Before flying, get travel insurance that could cover your losses while on a trip.

Ignore scammers and do not even try to communicate with them. They are all there to extort money from tourists.

SAFETY TIPS

Before you start your trip, make sure you know about the basic rules and regulations of the country.

At night, refrain from strolling around narrow streets, especially from poorly lit lanes.

Do not carry lots of cash. Always keep a limited amount with you.

Stay away from public political marches and demonstrations, especially in Istanbul. They might turn into protests or riots anytime and hence, clash with the police.

Avoid buying artifacts at ancient sites from scalpers. It is a crime and therefore, you might end up in some trouble by doing so.

Watch out for traffic while walking around the city. You may find dangerous drivers on the roads of Turkey.

Do not indulge in giving or accepting drugs. It is a breach of law and hence, punishable.

While walking around in the streets, be aware of dogs. These might be dangerous.

HEALTH

Tap water is safe in most of the places in Turkey. However, it is always better to boil it for 10 minutes before drinking. Otherwise, you can go with bottled water.

Get vaccinated before stepping into Turkey to stay unaffected by infectious diseases in the country.

Carry insect repellent to save yourself from mosquitoes, sandflies and bees, wasps and centipedes.

In case of cuts or bruises or any other kind of physical injury, go to the nearest local health center as soon as possible. If there is nobody around to help you, call your hotel and ask them about the details of nearby clinics.

Before flying, check whether your travel insurance covers emergency medical evacuation.

Always keep a first aid kit with you.

WHAT TO PACK?

Hat

Sunglasses

Light sweater

Sandals or flip flops

Swimsuit

Woollen clothes (For mountains and high altitude regions)

Beachwear

Sunscreen

Travel documents

Phone/laptop/tablet charger

Camera

Passport

Scarf

Fanny bag

Toiletries

Power bank

DRESS CODE & ETIQUETTE

Do not talk ill of the Turkey culture and do not try to make fun of their traditions and customs.

Make sure to cover your head while visiting mosques, churches, and other religious sites.

Avoid public display of affection unless you want to be frowned upon by locals. Turkey is a Muslim-dominated country and its culture is quite conservative.

Shake hands with people when you meet them. Greet them with a smile. It is a kind gesture and is often appreciated.

Armenia 268 Km
A landlocked country recognized for cultural heritage, Armenia houses incredible wonders in the name of history, architecture, and nature. It makes for a perfect destination for those who are always looking forward to encountering hidden marvels. The country has lakes, mountains, grasslands, delicious cuisine and of course, historical beauties. Make a visit and find yourself hypnotized by the country's picturesque setting.

Georgia 252 Km
For an unforgettable journey and to cherish worthy memories, Georgia is the ultimate destination. Indulge in relishing the old-world charm of Tbilisi or savor flavorsome Georgian wine. Get in touch with the indigenous culture of the Caucasus region or walk past the beautiful trails of the Medieval-era town. Georgia has innumerable opportunities to offer.

Bulgaria 240 Km
Surrounded by the beautiful Black Sea and the wonderlands of Romania, Greece, Turkey and more, Bulgaria is an unexplored place. That's the reason, it should be visited by every traveler who loves taking untrodden trails. The country has ancient churches, extensive lakes, dense woods, rich greenery, serene beaches, picture-perfect valleys, and a lot more.

Greece 206 Km
Greece, for centuries, has been on the top of the list of millions of travelers. Its unseen seaside settlements, the age-old cities of Athens and the mythological places have been great attractions of the world. Plan a tour of the intriguing Acropolis or witness the shimmering waters of Lake Plastira. Get hypnotized by the heaven-like architecture of Santorini or visit the Epidaurus Theatre.

Azerbaijan 9 Km
A quaint little country that has culture, history, and nature on offer, Azerbaijan is nothing less than an off-beat traveler's dream destination. It has beautiful parks, wondrous architecture, incredible shopping places and charming natural sites. In short, Azerbaijan has everything that a tourist needs to make a journey a successful excursion.

Distance between places of importance in and around Turkey

Istanbul to Ankara: 450 Km

Turkey to Armenia: 268 Km

Turkey to Georgia: 252 Km

Istanbul to Izmir: 480 Km

Istanbul to Alanya: 816 Km

Ankara to Antalya: 695 Km

Turkey to Greece: 206 Km

Istanbul to Adana: 950 Km

Istanbul to Konya: 641 Km

Turkey to Bulgaria: 240 Km

Turkey to Azerbaijan: 9 Km

Istanbul in Turkey is one of the few cities in the world that span across two continents. Istanbul is spread over Asia as well as Europe.

Turkey is believed to be the birthplace of Santa Claus. Yes! The man that makes every Christmas full of surprises was born in the ancient city of Patara, which is located in Turkey.

The oldest church ever built by a man is located in Antioch, Turkey. The cave church or the St. Peter's Church was constructed between the 11th and 13th centuries by Simon Peter, a disciple of Jesus Christ.

Located in Istanbul, Turkey, the Grand Bazaar is one of the oldest markets in the world. It is spread across 64 streets and houses more than 4000 shops.

Turkey is the 6th most visited country in the world with more than 45 million international tourist arrivals.

With about 80% of the total world production, Turkey is the largest exporter of hazelnuts in the world.

Tulip is a beautiful flower. But, the first country to introduce it to Europe was Turkey. The flower was popularized by the Turks during the Ottoman Era.

Turkey is home to more than 80,000 mosques. You would find them in every city and town.

Turkish people are addicted to tea and hence, the beverage has become an important part of their lifestyle. Most of them drink about 10 cups of tea every day.

Wine has been in production in Turkey for thousands of years. It was produced for the first time in the 4000 BCE.

Located in South-Eastern Anatolia, Gaziantep is claimed to be one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.

Apart from Turkish, more than 30 languages are spoken across the country. They include Kurmanji, Laz, Zazaki, Syrian Arabic, Bosnian and more.

One cannot wear Fez, a red felt hat with a black tassel, in Turkey. It is banned across the country.

With more than 14 million users, Turkey ranks 2nd on the list of countries with the most number of Facebook users.

The word 'Turquoise' was derived from Turkish and is inspired by the color of the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of Turkey.

Turkey is the birthplace of numerous prominent figures in the past, namely Herodotus, St. Paul, Apostle, Aesop and more.

Oil wrestling is one of the popular sports in Turkey. Contenders soak in grease before they take down their opponents.

Turkish food has gained a loyal fan-following over years. Today, it is loved across boundaries and is ruling menus of the globe.

Mevlana Museum in Konya houses the world's most precious silk carpet. With 144 knots per sq cm, the carpet is a wonder in itself.

Parchment was invented in Turkey thousands of years ago. It happened in the aftermath of Egyptians stopping the export of papyrus to Turkey.

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