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Travel to Azerbaijan country and get transported to a world where traditions and modernity unite. Globally famed as the'land of eternal fire', the country rests in the Eurasia region under the quaint shadow of the Caucasus mountains. Get a chance to observe the globe's largest number of mud volcanos, 40000 years old petroglyphs, the mountain with never-ending fire, all this while you experience the most delectable Middle Eastern cuisine of this country. Witness a fine fusion of multiple civilizations in its heart and body. Step on to the land of the ancient man and learn all about the primitive way of life. Drive a few hundred kilometres and travel into a futuristic world. Explore the multi-dimensional shades of wonderous Azerbaijan with us.

USEFUL INFO. ABOUT AZERBAIJAN

OFFICIAL NAME: Republic of Azerbaijan

FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Presidential Republic

CAPITAL & LARGEST CITY: Baku (Baki, Baky)

POPULATION: 10,046,516 (July 2018 est.)

OFFICIAL LANGUAGE(S): Azerbaijani (Azeri)

LANGUAGES SPOKEN: Azerbaijani (Azeri) 92.5%, Russian, Armenian, Other

ETHNICITY: Azerbaijani 91.6%, Lezghin 2%, Russian 1.3%, Armenian 1.3%, Talysh 1.3%, Other 2.4%

CURRENCY: Manat ₼ (AZN)

MAP REFERRED: ASIA (geopolitically, Azerbaijan considers itself part of Europe)

AREA: 86,600 Sq Km

LAND: 82,629 Sq Km

WATER: 3,971 Sq Km

LOWEST POINT: Caspian Sea 28 M

HIGHEST POINT: Bazarduzu Dagi 4,466 M

COASTLINE: 0 Km (landlocked)

NEIGHBOURING PLACES:

Armenia 996 km

Georgia 428 km

Iran 689 km

Russia 338 km

Turkey 17 km

Network / Connectivity

Internet can be expensive in Azerbaijan. Hence, we advise you to make use of the Free Wi-Fi zones as much as possible. When in Baku, you would find several Free Wi-Fi zones like the National Flag Square, Airport, Sahil Park, Sabir Park, Winter Park, along with Port Baku and Port Baku Mall.

The primary internet service provider is Baktelekom. The government mostly keeps the internet free from any filters, but heavily monitors any kind of political opposition online. It has often led to the arrest of several political activists and bloggers.

The internet service is scarce in remote areas. So, use your data wisely. Heck! Keep creating that album, plug off and enjoy the simplicity of the place, before you are ready to reconnect to the digital world.

You would need to unlock your mobile phone to suit another sim card, should you choose to buy a local sim in Azerbaijan. Most mobile service providers offer good coverage in the country. All you need to do is activate International Roaming on your number.

International calling can be expensive though. It is better to go for VoIP service, i.e, Voice over Internet Protocol service such as Skype to make international calls for Free. You can easily find these at an internet cafe in the country.

The Azerbaijani Manat denotes the term'Money'. According to Roman Mythology, it symbolizes the goddess of memory. The currency is greatly inspired by the EURO design. During your stay in Azerbaijan, you can exchange the currency in banks and large hotels. Always carry cash with you and avoid any currency exchange in the streets as it can alert any muggers in the vicinity.

Symbol: ₼
Code: AZN

1 Manat = 100 Gopik
1 Azerbaijani Manat AZN = 2.16 United Arab Emirates Dirham (as on 27 Nov 2019)

Manat notes can be found in the denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 200
Gopik coins can be found in the denominations of 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, and 50

Please note that Travellers Cheques are NOT accepted in most places.

Azerbaijan is a secular nation with a majority of Turkic ethnicity (aka Azerbaijani). What once was a prominent stop on the Silk trading route is now most recognized for its oil reserves, mud volcanoes, flaming mountains and its capital'Baku'. It is one of the few countries that represent a blend of modernity and rich cultural heritage in one.

The history of Azerbaijan dates to the Paleolithic Era, where archaeologists discovered traces and remains of the ancient life from the lowest layers of the Azykh cave. Mixed traces of people from different regions have been discovered here as the history travels through Paganism, Early Medieval Era, Russian Culture and eventually, the Islamic culture. It is hard to define the Azerbaijani culture based on one bloodline. You would witness Persian, Russian, and Turkish influences.

After the collapse of the Roman Empire, Azerbaijan gained independence for some time before being ruled by the Soviet Union for about three decades. Following the year 1991, Azerbaijan elected its first President Ayaz Mutalibov. He was succeeded by Heydar Aliyev in 1993 via presidential election. Ever since the country remains the Presidential Republic and does not tolerate any type of political opposition or voice against the Aliyev family.

Formerly Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, also Azerbaijan USSR, the country was renamed to Republic of Azerbaijan following its independence from the Soviet rule. The new constitution of Azerbaijan came into force in October 1995. Even though every country had its fair share of struggle and sacrifices under the Soviet Rule, the sacrifices made by Azerbaijan are probably the worst.

To this date, Azerbaijan remains active in Nagorno-Karabakh region conflict with its neighbour Armenia. Civilians, including the tourists, are advised against entering the region on account of ceasefire operations and landmines spread all over the place. The eventual outcome of this conflict is yet to arrive. The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) Minsk Group is trying to resolve the conflict peacefully. The Group is co-chaired by Russia, France, and the USA.

Despite the history of hardships, Azerbaijan has been successful in reducing the poverty rate by a major degree while its literacy rate is almost 100%. The country has invested in creating a futuristic vibe by directing revenues from oil and gas to its infrastructure development. However, the issues concerned around Azerbaijan politics and corruption continue to remain prevalent here.

Azerbaijan borders the Caspian Sea and lies between Iran and Russia. The country is officially recognized as a landlocked region despite being bordered by the Caspian Sea (the largest lake on the globe). It has official claim to 0 km coastline. Azerbaijan Geography also includes the exclave of Naxcivan Autonomous Republic and the conflicted Nagorno-Karabakh regions. The neighbouring countries of Azerbaijan include Armenia, Georgia, Russia, Turkey, and Iran. Turkey is the closest of all.

The terrain of Azerbaijan is large and flat towards the Kura-Araks lowlands, steep and rugged towards the Great Caucasus mountains to the North. To the west, lies the Karabakh upland (Qarabag Yaylasi), while the modern city of Azerbaijan, also its capital, Baku lies on the Apsheron Peninsula (Abseron Yasaqligi). The peninsula ends into the Caspian Sea (the largest lake in the world, almost sea-like).

The highest point is at Bazarduzu Dagi, one of the greatest peaks in the Caucasus mountains (about 4500 above sea level), while the lowest point is the Caspian Sea (about 30 m).

Due to high volcanic activity zone and being a country with the highest number of mud volcanos and naturally occurring fire, the country has abundant organic deposits of Petroleum, Natural Gas, Iron Ore, Bauxite, and many other non-ferrous metals.

The country's land is divided into three types - Agricultural, Forest, and Other. Almost 58% of the Azerbaijani land is used for harvesting purposes. The Arable land is used for cultivating crops like wheat, maize, rice. The country also cultivates vines, fruits, coffee, and rubber.

The culture and customs of Azerbaijan are wrapped in religious beliefs and centuries-old traditions. The country's patronage is a fine confluence of various times dating back from the primitive, pagan, early medieval to the Islamic, modern, and the Russian. You get a glimpse of this morphism are you travel from the Azerbaijan city of Baku towards the more remote regions. Further exploration can be done at the Petroglyphs of Gobustan.

Applied Arts
Azerbaijani homes are intricately decked from the inside, esp. of the rich people. Carpets are indispensable commodities for each Azerbaijani household. You would not find a home without a carpet here. There are museums and schools dedicated to the art and craft of carpet weaving in the country.

Jewellery and Costume
You would find men and women both in modest clothing. Both men and women in the country love a variety of colours and prefer to don layers. The costumes differ according to the regions travelled. The art of jewellery making, particularly gold is popular here and inspired by Arabic styles, particularly filigree and enamel.

Music and Theatre
Azerbaijan's traditional music is popular across the world. In fact, Azerbaijani traditional mugams, i.e., folk musical compositions are registered in the UNESCO Cultural Heritage List. Mostly inspired by the daily lives of people, moral values, the theatre scene here has branched into different styles and performance. We advise you to book your ticket to one of these in advance.

Food & Drink
You are in for a mouth-watering treat in Azerbaijan. The country's cuisine is strongly influenced by the East. Full spices and saffron are commonly added to the dishes for rich fragrance and health. Traditionally, they prepare and serve food in copper utensils. Discover age-old recipes and cooking methods that are preserved to this date.

Rice happens to be a staple here. Fresh herbs such as mint, coriander, basil, parsley, leek, chive, thyme, green onion, etc. are used to render a special aroma and garnish to the dish. The most popular dishes are prepared from lamb, beef, and other red meat. The place is a paradise for meat lovers. Make sure to treat yourself to the kebabs and shashliks from the appetizer menu. Feel the kebabs melt in your mouth in every morsel.

The country serves delicious platters for both the vegetarians and the non-vegetarians. While its signature delicacy is Pulao - saffron sprinkled rice served with greens and meat both. There are more than 40 recipes of the pulao to cater to different taste buds. Vegetables are used according to the season of which tomato, aubergine, spinach, cabbage, radish, green beans, and cucumber are most common.

There is plenty here for seafood lovers too, thanks to the country's varied water bodies. Seafood lovers can enjoy mouthwatering delicacies sourced from the bountiful lakes, sea, and rivers of Azerbaijan. You must not leave without trying the white sturgeon and black caviar (one of the most sought-after delicacies in the world).

Azerbaijani love to serve tea with jam in traditional armudu glasses. Black tea is served after meals. Azerbaijanis treat their guests with love and a little too much food. If you are travelling during Summer, then do try the Azerbaijani Sherbet, a sweet beverage of thick consistency perfumed with rose water. It feels heavenly on the gut, especially when sipped after a long warm day.

You can explore various flavours of Sherbet including strawberry, lemon, pomegranate, mint, apricot, and more. It is the summer travellers' holy water.

The Sacred Relationship with Fire
The element of'Fire' is symbolic of Azerbaijan. It is considered the symbol of light and mystic since ancient times. You will find several places here that are inspired by the element of fire. Some of them include the Baku's Flaming Towers, burning water, Zoroastrian fire temples, the burning mountain of Yanar Dagh, and many more.

Traditions Carried On
Following traditions is important in the Azerbaijani culture. Outside of Baku, the locals continue to dwell in a rural lifestyle of simpletons. They grow fruits and veggies in their own yard while living in modest houses. Islamic traditions prevail in most areas.

The Culture of Drinking Tea in Armudas
Tea is sacred here. Traditional Azerbaijani tea is prepared from herbs with added sugar. It is served in pear-shaped glasses called Armudas. Milk is not added. The drink is as old as Medieval times. Sugar was added to detect poison and to satiate the fear of paranoid rulers. It is a popular custom to drink tea with jam.

Outstanding Hospitality
Azerbaijanis believe in hospitality. It is a part of their culture. Guests are considered precious and so, they serve them with love. Be ready to get treated with multiple cups of tea, snacks, and food if you plan to book a homestay. The young Azerbaijanis even carry your bags for you as a gesture of hospitality.

Must-Try Delicacies
Azerbaijani Pulao, Kebab, Shashlik, Kufta Bozbash & Dovga Soups, White Sturgeon, Black Caviar

Must-Try Drinks
Black Tea, Azerbaijani Sherbet, Azeri Wine, Ayran (cold yoghurt)

Experience a blend of old with the new, from the remote areas filled with traditions to the futuristic flaming towers of Baku.

Be a witness to the legacies of the land of fire featuring mud volcanoes and the mountains of natural fire, the Yanar Dagh.

Relish authentic middle eastern local delicacies spread along 7 courses.

Hike the imminent Caucasus range and spend some time in the eternal lap of nature.

Indulge in a promenade along the Caspian Sea boardwalk.

Study the petroglyphs at Gobustan to get an insight into the common lifestyle.

Admire the fine examples of Islamic architecture transferred from the luminaries of the Seljuk Dynasty.

Get a chance to dig into the Persian literature and poetry classics, including the Khamsa by Nizami.

Participate in a soulful sojourn at the Tears of Kyapaz, a series of seven breathtaking water bodies.

Create memories without shelling out the big bucks for Azerbaijan is one of the most affordable countries on the globe.

Explore one of the safest tourist destinations, a country that exerts severe punishment against the ones accused of any crime against the tourist, no matter how minuscule.

AZERBAIJAN CLIMATE | AZ WEATHER

Azerbaijan happens to be one of the rare countries that experience almost 9 out of 11 annual binomial zones. Azerbaijan climate is mostly temperate, especially in the lowlands. The Caucasus mountains protect the country from the cold Arctic winds. Hence, the cold in Azerbaijan is not particularly harsh.

Summers can go over 40 degrees in the plains and up to 15 degrees in the mountains. The Caspian Sea keeps fresh breeze flowing through the summers. You won't have to worry about breaking a sweat during the evenings.

The period of May, June, July, and August is the driest. Rainfall occurs between August and September.

Winters in Azerbaijan are snowy in the mountains with temperature falling below 20 degrees, on average. The weather is pleasant and mild in the capital and nearby regions.

April to July
Perfect time for Spring/Summer folks. During the months of April and June, the lowlands of Azerbaijan experience bloom. Whereas, the month of July is ideal for trekking the mountains.

July is the hottest month of the year and not advised for visiting the city areas due to excess heat.

October to March
Experience the Baku winter and you would be in awe with it. The ideal time to visit the country is in October and it only gets better from there. The lowlands do not get harshly cold, so you can enjoy plenty of activities with your loved ones. The higher regions can get cold though. The temperature can dip to as low as -20 degrees. Azerbaijan in December and January offers the perfect time for ski and other kinds of snow sports.

Visit Azerbaijan with Family

Go Horse riding in Sheki and the Caucasus

Participate in Skiing and other activities during the Azerbaijani winter

Indulge in Shopping in Baku for souvenirs and gifts

Visit the flaming tower of Baku

Visit Azerbaijan as a Couple

Take a gondola ride through the Little Venice, Baku

Attend an Azeri Wedding

Participate in Azeri wine tasting

Soak in the breathtaking views of the Caspian Sea

Visit Azerbaijan with Friends

Explore the petroglyphs and mud volcanoes at Gobustan

Visit Yanar Dagh, the mountain of fire

Enjoy a few drinks like the taverns at the old Caravanserais

Take a walking tour of the Baku Old city

Visit Azerbaijan with Kids

Let the kids enjoy at the Baku zoo and Shirvan National Park

Go shopping and fun at the Port Baku Mall

Visit the Palace of Shirvanshahs, Flag Square and Baku Crystal Hall

Visit the open-air rock museum in the Gobustan National Park

What to Buy?

Carpet from Baku, Shirvan, Guba, Tabriz, Karabakh, Ganja or Gazak

Azerbaijan's traditional dagger for men

Gold jewellery for women

Armudu Glass for tea

Nard or Backgammon

Ceramics

Crude Oil painting

Kelaghayi (national headscarf for women)

National Art Museum of Azerbaijan, Baku: The first thing on your Azerbaijan Itinerary should be a visit to the National Art Museum of Azerbaijan in Baku. It is the largest museum in the country and a treasure trove of more than 15000 artworks displayed in 60 rooms across two buildings that stand adjacent to one another. The museum was inaugurated in 1936 and reflects the finest artworks from Azerbaijan, East Asia, Western Europe and Russia. Under the Azerbaijani collections, you would travel across various eras that trace the progression of art and life from ancient to modern times.

Best Time to Visit:
Daily: 10.00-18.00
Ticket office operating hours: 10.00 hrs - 17.00 hrs
Closed: Monday

Entry Prices:
Students: 2 AZN
Local citizens: 5 AZN
Foreign citizens: 10 AZN

Baku Eye (or Baku Ferris Wheel), Baku Boulevard: Baku Eye is a popular Ferris wheel in the National Park of Baku, right on the Baku Boulevard. The wheel offers the riders the experience to wholly absorb the most panoramic views of this Azerbaijan city including the Baku Bay area, the Flag square, and the Crystal Hall from a height of about 200 ft above the ground. The wheel also goes by the name Satan's Wheel and the Devil's Wheel. With about 30 modern technology equipped cabinets made from transparent glass that accommodate up to 8 people, this has become one of the most awesome places to visit in Azerbaijan since 2014 (year of its establishment). Go there at night and see the wheel come alive like a circle of shimmery stars under the sparkling night sky.

Best Time to Visit:
Monday - Sunday: 12:00 hours - 22:30 hours

Entry Price:
5.5 AZN (approx. for foreign nationals)

Fountain Square Baku, Downtown Baku: One of the oldest marvels of Soviet Architecture in Azerbaijan, the Fountain Square derives its name from the presence of dozens of fountains in a public square. The fountain square established in 1868 now serves as a hosting ground for various public events and festivals. The square starts from the walls of Icheri Sheher and goes all the way through the Nizam Street (or Torgovaya) running parallelly to the Baku Boulevard. The place has a lavish salad named after it, known as the Fountain Square Salad.

Best Time to Visit:
Open 24 Hours a Day. Visit it at night for the best view.

Entry Price:
Free

Icheri Seher, Baku Old Town: Capture the feeling of the ancient world when Baku was first found at the Icheri Seher. Located in the heart of the city, it is also now a primal historical and cultural reserve and a part of the UNESCO World Heritage List since 2000. The city is made entirely of limestones with Caspian Sea on one side and protected on the remaining three sides by thick fortress walls.

The Fortress Wall, Icheri Sheher

Originally built in the 12th Century to protect the city of Baku from external contingencies, the Fortress Wall is built in two layers, one shorter than the other. The entire place has about 25 towers and five gates. The main entrance is marked with the city's shield, the head of Ox protected by lion heads and a moon and a sun. This denotes the 24*7 protection.

Gobustan National Park, Gobustan (or Qobustan): Travel 70 km south of Baku and you will be transported into the world of natural miracles (mud volcanos and petroglyphs) at the Gobustan National Park (a UNESCO Heritage Site). The site completely justifies the rich heritage and history that the county of Azerbaijan possesses.

Timings:
All Days (0900 hours - 1700 hours)

Entry Price:
5.5 AZN (approx.)

Petroglyphs of Gobustan:

Behold the knowledge of the primitive way of life expressed through more than 6000 rock engravings that are about 5000 years old. Study the remains of various settlements and burial grounds, caves that were inhabited once, each element exhibiting facts from the Upper Paleolithic Era to the Middle Ages. Again, praise to the artists and the creators from these periods who left such vivid stories for us and the archaeologists to unravel.

Mud Volcanoes

Next, you would move towards the site of mud volcanoes, the largest number on Earth. There are about 300+ mud volcanoes spread across this land. The mud from these volcanoes is known for its healing qualities. Prepare for a rich, exfoliating mud spa from the infamous volcanic mud.

Ateshgah Fire Temple, Surakhani: The Ateshgah of Baku is the oldest temple and one of the most historical places of Azerbaijan. According to the Persian inscriptions, the temple was a ground of worship for the Hindus, Sikhs, and the Zoroastrians. As the population of these communities declined in the country, it was gradually abandoned. The naturally occurring flames of the temple were believed to denote the presence of God. However, the flames were exhausted due to excessive exploitation of natural gas reserves. The temple is now a popular museum and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Timings:
All Days (0900 hours - 1800 hours)

Entry Price:
4.5 AZN (approx.)

Public Baths (Hammam), Baku: To experience the Hammam culture is a major reason as to why do people visit Azerbaijan's Baku city. In ancient times, these Hammams or public baths used to be the places of entertainment and hangouts for building new acquaintances and indulging in friendly interactions while taking a bath. The culture still prevails in Azerbaijan, only it is even more lavish and spa-like. Lose yourself in the steam bath and lukewarm water to escape from the chilly winds of the country during winters. For traditional Hammam experience, you can visit Tazebey Hammami and Meshedi Ehmed.

Best Time to Visit:
All days (0900 hours - 0100 hours)

Entry Price:
Between 12-60 AZN depending upon the services booked.

Bottle House, Ganja: You cross paths with another wonder of art at the Bottle House in the Ganja District. The place now a sightseeing spot was originally a private residence of Ibrahim Jafarov who went missing during WW II. This two-story house is designed entirely from glass bottles of various sizes and shapes incorporated with colourful stones. Marvel at this unique paradigm of fine engineering and art developed from over 48000 bottles. Since there are no guided tours or entry fee, you can be a part of supporting the maintenance of this house by shopping for Azerbaijan souvenirs from the souvenir stand under the porch.

Best Time to Visit:
Anytime 7 days a week

Entry Price:
Free

Khansarai (The Palace of the Sheki Khans), Sheki City: During your visit to the Sheki city, make sure you have kept 20 minutes for the Khansarai, aka, the Palace of the Sheki Khans. Once a summer residence to the Shaki Khanate, the Palace of Shaki Khans is a retreat for historians today. Being a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it attracts explorers from all over the globe. Its grandeur lies in its marvellous architecture composed of colourful mosaic glass, a fine example of the ancient art of'shebeke'. The palace also has a beautiful lush courtyard. The splendidly designed fresco work on the walls and ceilings exhibit the lifestyle of Khans in a photogenic form. Do not miss out on this ancient invention if you desire to witness wonders through your naked eye.

Best Time to Visit:
All Days (1000 hours - 1800 hours)

Entry Price:
5 AZN (for foreign nationals)

Visit The Caravanserais For A Few Drinks, Baku/Sheki: Being a part of the Silk Route adds to the rich heritage of Azerbaijan even more. In the old days when traders and businessmen used to pass by this country, they would rest and rejuvenate at these inns or hotels called Caravanserais. They would have a few drinks, meet like-minded people and make the most of their journeys. Two of these Caravanserais (one in Baku and other in Sheki) have been kept operational for the tourists and locals to chill and enjoy a few drinks under the blanket of sky and trees.

Timings:
24 hours all Days

Entry Price:
30 AZN (per night)

Azerbaijan Carpet Museum, Baku: If you have a'thing' for the art of weaving and handicrafts, then the carpet museum Baku, i.e., the Azerbaijan National Carpet Museum must be on your Azerbaijan and Baku Itinerary. The museum has the world's largest collection of carpets and rugs of various weaves representing various time periods. As you walk along, you would be introduced to over 10,000 displays of ceramic, metalwork from the 14th century, jewellery from the Bronze Age, and carpets, garments, embroideries from the 17th-20th centuries.

Best Time to Visit:
7 Days a Week (1000 hours - 1800 hours)

Entry Price:
Adults: 7 AZN
Students: 3 AZN
Entry is Free for Children under 6 years.

Tears of Kyapaz, Nagorno-Karabakh: If you happen to travel to the Nagorno-Karabakh region despite the risk, then the Tears of Kyapaz on the Mount Kyapaz are set to make the entire trip worthwhile. The Tears of Kyapaz, a union of seven breathtaking lakes, narrates a story of its own. The site is named Goy Gol State Reserve after the name of the most idyllic and cleanest lake from these seven. Other than these water beauties, you would also come across interesting species of wildlife and birds, such as the Persian Leopard, Badger, Boar, Jackal, Eurasian Woodcock, and many more.

Best Time to Visit:
All Days

Entry Price:
2AZN per person and 1AZN per car

Yanar Dag, Absheron Peninsula: Azerbaijan's natural resources are plenty, which leads the country to exploit various markets, particularly gas. The Yanar Dag mountain has a prominent role to play in that. Of all the popular Azerbaijan mountains, this one takes the miracle trophy for its continuously burning fire that continues to exist even after 4 millennia (aka 4000 years). These flames are about 3 m high as they burn at the base of the Yanar Dagh mountain. Needless to say, the fire is a symbol of worship in both Azerbaijan and several other countries, including India.

Best Time to Visit:
All Days (0900 hours to 1800 hours)

Entry Price:
3 AZN (approx.)

Maiden Tower, Baku Old City: This UNESCO Heritage Site, the Maiden Tower (Pearl of Baku), continues to amaze and confuse even the best archaeologists and historians for its purpose and shape. There are several stories and theories around the cause behind the existence of this 5/6th century architecture. It is assumed to be a part of the safety and defence strategy of the locals. Another theory discusses the study of celestial bodies that required a sky-high tower. While some believe that the tower was a temple of fire owing to its buta shape which symbolizes the fire and light.

Best Time to Visit:
All Days (0900 hours - 1800 hours)

Entry Price:
8 AZN for foreigners
2 AZN for citizens of Azerbaijan
0.60 AZN for students (foreign student cards are also applicable)

Hiking in Azerbaijan, Multiple Trails: Azerbaijan might have fewer official trails, but those trails are worth taking for the love of culture-rich ancient mountain villages, history and of course, beautiful lush landscapes. Here are the paths less travelled that you can hike and explore. Make sure to hire a guide though for comfort and know-how both.

The Transcaucasian Trail in the Caucasus Mountains for Expert Trekkers

Beshbarmag Mountains in Guba for exploring Kinalug, the highest village in the whole of Europe.

Dubrar Dagh in Khizi District for climbing two peaks at once Dubrar and Kelani

Shopping in Azerbaijan: Azerbaijan is a haven for art, fashion, handicrafts, and antique shoppers. The most vouched Azerbaijan souvenirs you could take home are silk items, carpets, pottery items, crude oils paintings called Neft Paintings, and there is so much more. Shop your heart out at the Nizami Street for flea shopping, Taza Bazaar for the rarest variety of caviar, fruits and nuts; and the Fountain Square for hi-end stuff. Sharpen your bargaining skills before heading to these markets though.

Other Popular Places to Visit...

Museum of the Dwarf, Baku

Sheki Silk Factory for the admirers and explorers of Silk fabric

Juma Mosque for Ibadat (prayer)

Baku Museum of Modern art

Shirvan National Park with the Kids

Kanegah Complex

Beaches by the Caspian Sea (Bilgah & Nabran)â¦.and more

Most Popular Cities in Azerbaijan

Baku, Azerbaijan: Baku is the capital city of Azerbaijan and the only one with an international airport, just 22.8 km away from Baku city centre. Your trip starts from here. Keep a major chunk of your tour reserved for Baku city. Apart from the infamous flaming towers and the fortress wall, there are many more places to visit in Baku for all sorts of tastes. Stay at the Downtown Baku and explore away. Shop for Azerbaijan Souvenirs from Baku.
Famous Baku Visiting Places: Flaming towers | Baku Museum of Modern Art | Baku Shopping Mall | Port Baku Mall | Baku Ferris Wheel | Old City Baku | Fortress Wall | Maiden Tower | Theater | Street Food | Turkish Hammam (bath)

Qabala, Azerbaijan: About 290 km from Baku (close to the Russian and Georgian border), Qabala or Gabala is the lushest green place in Azerbaijan. It was also the Caucasian Albanian capital for 600 years.
Visit it for: Breathtaking Scenery | Rivers | Chestnut & Walnut Groves | Albanian Temple | Tufandag Mountain | Nohurgol Lake | Historical Mausoleums

Sheki, Azerbaijan: A beautiful cobbled town with vibrant houses, cafes, and a laidback life sandwiched between Tbilisi (Georgia) and Baku, this place is everything that defines an idyllic stay.
Visit For: Sheki Khan's Summer Palace | Silk Road Caravanserai | Throwback Retro | Shebeke Art | Piti Dish | Fresh Air & Green spaces

Quba, Azerbaijan: One of the oldest towns set in the 15th century, Quba is especially visited during the Spring season at the time of bloom. The place is also the carpet weaving capital of Azerbaijan and an organizer of several weaving workshops.
Visit For: Carpet weaving Workshop | Spring Flora | Nizami Park | Grand Synagogue | Chalette Restaurant

Gobustan, Azerbaijan: About an hour's drive from Baku (60km) lies the Gobustan, the land of natural wonders. The place has over 6000 petroglyphs, dating back to several millennia. You would also find mud volcanoes and the musical mountain (Gaval Dash) here.
Visit for: Mud Volcanos | Petroglyphs | Gaval Dash (a rock that sounds like tambourine when tapped) | Yanar Dagh (mountain of fire) | Gobustan National Park

Lankaran, Azerbaijan: A fantastic place for the seekers of eco-tourism with its sub-tropical climate and wildlife reserves. People also visit this place to unravel a few off the track historical sites.
Visit for: Lankaran tea | Hirkan National Park | Lankaran Fortress | Yanar Bulag Fire Spring

Khinaliq, Azerbaijan: One of the oldest villages on earth, the Khinalug village holds its name in the UNESCO list of World-Historical Monuments. Need we say more?

Visit for: Red Village | Mosque

Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan: An exclave bordered with Turkey, it is the health and wellness centre of the country famous for salt caves and mineral water springs.
Visit For: Salt Caves of Duzdag Mountain | Lake Batabat | Duzdag Salt Therapy | Momina Khatun Mausoleum | Garabaghlar Mausoleum | Chalkan Gala Fortress | ShakhTakhti Govur Fortress | Heydar Aliyev Park

Shamakhi, Azerbaijan: An ancient Azerbaijani city that goes back to the Shirvan Dynasty, it is the cradle of Azerbaijan literature since it is the birthland of several Azerbaijani-origin poets.
Visit for: Juma Mosque of Shamakhi | Yeddi Gumbaz mausoleum | Gulistan Fortress | Addy-Gyumbez (seven domed)

If you can make time...Other Places to Explore in Armenia

Qobustan, Azerbaijan

Laza, Azerbaijan

Khinaliq, Azerbaijan

Shahdag Baku

Naftalan, Azerbaijan

Qax, Azerbaijan

Zaqatala, Azerbaijan

Lahic, Azerbaijan

Mingachevir, Azerbaijan

Sumgayit, Azerbaijan

Qusar, Azerbaijan

International Baku Jazz Festival
Commenced in the year 2005, the International Baku Jazz Festival is one of the biggest and most popular events in Azerbaijan. It is attended by thousands of locals, tourists and of course, music lovers from all over the country. Watching hundreds of musicians from across the globe performing jazz music and witnessing rare art forms is surely a moment to treasure forever. If you are an avid lover of jazz, this high-spirited festival is for you. The event also includes exhibitions of art and images.

Location: Baku
Date: October

Pomegranate Festival
This is one of a kind cultural festival in the entire world and has been celebrated since its inception in the year 2006. The festival completely focuses on one fruit, i.e., pomegranate, and exhibits its beauty by displaying amazing varieties and savoury by-products. Every substantial thing made or displayed in this annual festival revolves around pomegranate. You will see starfishes, plants and more made from this wonderful fruit. Isn't that phenomenal!

Location: Goychay
Date: November

Gabala International Music Festival
Gabala International Music Festival is the ultimate carnival for those who are extremely fond of world music. This is where you get the opportunity of listening to jazz, pop, classical, rock, blues and more. The participants of the festival include pianists, guitarist, composers, etc., from all over the world. In other words, you get to savour different styles of music from several parts of the world.

Location: Gabala
Date: July - August

Kata Festival
If you wouldn't mind exploring the less-popular customs and festivals of Azerbaijan, then Kata Festival must be on your bucket list. This annual festival, which is all about promoting the preparation of Kata and its varieties, is celebrated with great fervour. But what is Kata? Well, it is a flat pie in the shape of an envelope and is made from wild spinach, desert candle, beans, pumpkin, asphodel and several other ingredients. It is prepared in a tandoor. So, how about exploring your taste buds in this beautiful festival?

Location: Nakhchivan
Date: April

Mugham World International Festival
The Festival is one of the few events that showcase the culture of Azerbaijan. It is at this festival you get the chance to relish the soothing Mugham music, which consists of folk compositions. Since its inauguration in the year 2009, it has become immensely popular worldwide. Today, the festival is attended by hundreds of musicians and tourists from more than 40 countries of the world. Well, that's something you must look forward to.

Location: Shaki
Date: March

Novruz Bayram
Also called the Zoroastrian New Year, Novruz Bayram marks the beginning of the spring season and is another significant festival of Azerbaijan. On this day, the houses across the country are lit with colourful lights; families gather and spend wonderful time together by singing and dancing. It is compulsory to serve seven dishes starting from Azeri letter's' on this day. According to several beliefs, the doors must not be closed during Novruz Bayram. As the festival lasts for around seven days, the entire country seems to ride high on joy and glee. Isn't that a wonderful spectacle to capture?

Location: Throughout the country
Date: March

Azerbaijan National Day
Azerbaijan National Day celebrates the anniversary of independence. It was on this day when the constitutional act related to the state independence was implemented by the parliament. Hence, it is also known as State Sovereignty Day. Fireworks, concerts and parades happen throughout the country and being a public holiday, people come out in the open to commemorate this historic day.

Location: Throughout the country
Date: 18 October

Ramadan Bayram
As Azerbaijan is a Muslim dominated country, Ramadan Bayram is one of the important festivals in the country. It marks the end of the month of Ramadan and is celebrated as Eid in other parts of the world. On this day, people come together, exchange sweets and gifts and wish each other a prosperous and happy life. Throughout the country, you get to witness scenes of jubilation. If you would love to learn about Azerbaijan culture through its festivals, do visit the country during the period of Ramadan Bayram.

Location: Throughout the country
Date: April - May

Apple Festival
Just like the Pomegranate Festival, Apple Festival is all about displaying different varieties of apple and its luscious products. Even though it is not as popular as pomegranate festival, it surely attracts a large amount of audience. The festival aims at nurturing brotherhood and is celebrated with great enthusiasm during the harvesting days of fruit crops.

Location: Guba
Date: October - November

In order to travel to AZ, you require a passport with a minimum validity of 3 months from the applied visa expiry date. Obtaining a visa is not required for those countries that have entered into a bilateral interstates' agreement with the Republic of Azerbaijan.

Visa-Free Travel
Other than the foreigner who are applicants of Permanent Residence or Temporary Residence in the Republic of Azerbaijan, the citizens of the following countries can enjoy Visa-Free travel to Azerbaijan.

15 Days Visa-Free Travel: Iran
Up to 1-Month Visa-Free Travel: Turkey
Up to 3 Months Visa-Free Travel: Russia, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Mongolia, Tajikistan, and Belarus.

Visa-On-Arrival / E-Visa
With the aim to promote tourism, AZ has introduced the eVisa facility for citizens from over 94 countries, including the USA, Australia, UK, China, Hong Kong, Macau, and many more. The eVisa can be availed through the electronic visa system at their official site. The visas are issued for a period of up to 30 days. The same can be availed through the Visa on Arrival process. The average cost of a Single-entry Visa is 55 USD.

Single Entry Visas can be availed for a term of 3 days to 3 months

Transit visas are best for those travelling to other places via Azerbaijan. You can stay up to 5 days on a transit visa.

Get more information on'How to get a visa to Azerbaijan' through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan or the Official website of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

**Please note that the information is subject to change. For the latest information and updates, please contact your embassy.

Local Buses
You can travel via local buses. However, most of them are in a dilapidated state. Avoid travelling in buses at night since they are prone to getting attacked. Avoid travelling outside the capital during the night.

The Minibuses or Marshrutkas are by far the cheapest and best way to get around Azerbaijan. These vans ply between most major cities and won't cost you more than 5 AZN. Make sure to grab a seat before it gets full though as they can get mighty crowded.

Taxis/Cabs
Taxis are remotely available for hire. You would need to hon those negotiation skills if you want to get the best price. Taxis are considered the best modes of transport hereafter the Metro. You can hire a car in advance at Baku airport. There are several international and local car hire firms there.

Rent-A-Car
You would require an International Driving License permit to be able to drive a car here. Unless you are an expert motorist, we do not advise you to drive around here.

Via Bicycle
Not recommended due to poor road quality.

Via Train
You can explore the city via the Metro rail route. It is well connected to various corners of the capital. It is more hygienic and faster. Not recommended post 9 pm though since it can be dangerous at night.

Via Plane
Azerbaijani Airlines connects Baku to most popular cities including the Azeri "exclave" Nakhchivan via several local flights. Tickets can be directly booked at the airport. However, prior booking is recommended at the time of the holidays.

Via Air Route
Azerbaijan is served by 1 international airport, the Baku Airport, formally known as Heydar Aliyev International Airport about 20 km northwest of Baku city center. The airport is one of the busiest in the entire Caucasus region. It connects all major cities and countries on the globe, including London, NYC, Europe, UAE, Germany, Istanbul, Doha, China, Spain, Georgia, and more. Fun fact - the airport is home of the Azerbaijan Airlines. These airlines happen to be the national flag carrier of AZ. The airport was formerly known as the Bina International Airport.

You can reach the Baku city center from the Airport via Airport Express (Hava Limani Exp) in under 1.50 AZN. It can't get any sweeter or cheaper!

The city of Baku can be reached via non-stop flight in mere 3-hour 15 min.

Via Rail Route
You can travel via overnight train from Georgia to Baku. Azerbaijan rail route also connects with Russia and Turkey. On-way train ride would cost you around 30 AZN.

Via Road Route
Daily buses ply between Iran, Georgia, and Turkey. You can take a bus from Red Bridge in Georgia for plying to Azerbaijan for about 10 AZN. The journey is about 8 hours long. There are two border crossings when visiting Azerbaijan via Iran, namely Jolfa in Iran and Julfa in the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic. You can board these buses from any of the bazaars in the city.

You can reach Baku from Dubai via bus or taxi in a duration of 35 hours. Beware though, the rugged and narrow terrain of Azerbaijan does not equip the road for safe travelling. If possible, then do not self-drive a rental. Hire a practised driver only.

Via Water Route
There is no cruise as such. However, you can reach Azerbaijan via ship from Turkmenistan.

TRAVEL TIPS

UAE residents can avail a 1-month tourist visa for Azerbaijan. The same can be availed upon a visit to the Azeri consulate in UAE.

The country is referred to as AZ in most places.

Bring a wardrobe full of modest feminine clothes.

You can make use of South EU/Middle East Adapters for charging your phones and other electronic devices.

Azerbaijanis love fried meat and fish. If you do not have the gut for it, then do not worry. The country is rich in food prepared from fresh vegetables and fruits.

Internet can be expensive here. Hence, it is better to hook onto the Wi-Fi as much as possible. Plug off otherwise.

Carry hard cash in the form of local currency, i.e., Manat (AZN). You won't find ATMs or credit card machines in most areas outside Baku.

DO NOT insult any political figure, esp. the president of Azerbaijan.

DO NOT mention Armenia when in Azerbaijan. There is a bitter clash going on between the two countries which need not be brought into the light.

Avoid planning any tour to the Nagorno-Karabakh region owing to safety issues. Most of the region is planted with landmines.

Even though the practice of bribery is common in Azerbaijan. You can choose not to participate in it by simply saying,'No'. Good luck! In getting your job done.

Signing for travel insurance is highly RECOMMENDED.

Do not indulge in any sort of photography related to the armed forces or anywhere near the defence area.

A handshake goes a long way here. It is the most accepted form of greeting among men.

Tipping is common at the restaurants. The ideal tipping amount is 10%.

Instead of grouping at the centre of a building, you can try to spread towards the edges of it as it is considered polite.

Avoid travelling outside the capital, Baku during night.

It is advised that you bring a gift for the host if you are invited to an Azerbaijani home.

Removing the shoes outside the door is considered a sign of respect for the house.

It is honourable to bow a little when greeting an Azerbaijani. It is a part of their culture.

To address an Azerbaijani female or male who you are not well acquainted with, you need to use the apt salutation followed by their first name. The salutation Ms. does not exist in the Azerbaijani language.

SAFETY TIPS

Tap water in Azerbaijan can be contaminated. Hence, we advise you to drink bottled water only.

What is once lost in Azerbaijan can be difficult to find. Hence, keep your money, card, and documents safe with you by keeping them on your person.

As a precaution, take photocopies of all necessary documents and tickets.

Keep the business card of your hotel with you when going out. Hotels can be helpful in urgent situations.

Men are advised to NOT keep their wallet in their hip pockets. Pick pocketers can be plenty here.

Keep all your valuables hidden under your clothes when in crowded places.

Do not accept drinks from strangers and keep an eye on the drinks you have ordered at a bar. There is a chance that the drinks can get laced and you could be robbed.

Even male tourists need to remain aware of getting scammed at a bar by an Azerbaijani female.

Keep an attentive eye on the road while walking or driving as the roads here are not in the best condition. To top it, locals are not careful drivers.

Fake police are another major scam in the city during which criminals dress up like cops to extract money from the tourists for one thing or another. If you are stopped due to any reason, please ask them to take you to the nearest police station.

Women should avoid going out alone post 8:30 or 9 pm.

Park your vehicle in legit parking spaces for optimum safety of the vehicle.

HEALTH

You can carry medication along with proper prescription for personal use. The prescription is considered valid for 3 months.

Get information in prior from your embassy to ensure that your medication is legal there.

Medicine needs to be transported in their original containers as a carry-on.

Carry an adequate supply of medication through the entire duration of your trip.

Most painkillers, even though legally prescribed fall under the banned medication list. It is better that you apply to your country's consulate for this.

Always Carry hand sanitizer and tissue with you. It is not unusual to find paperless Turkish-style (mud holes in the ground) restrooms here. Also, restrooms might not have the provision to wash hands well.

Women need to carry feminine hygiene bags and supplies along.

Vaccination-wise, make a note of Diphtheria, Tetanus, Hep A and Hep B.

The lowland Azerbaijan can pose a risk of Malaria.

What to Pack?

Clothing

Shoes -- running shoes, hiking shoes, winter boots

Bathing suits

Medium-weight jackets

Hygiene and toiletry items

Prescription medication supplies

Sunglasses and hats

Poncho and folding umbrella

Camera with cover

Torch

Sunblock

Headscarves

Waterproof jacket

Travel documents and tickets

Passport and Visa

DRESS CODE & ETIQUETTE

Being a Muslim country, modesty is a part of life here, particularly among women. As a foreign tourist, you would not be expected to follow the same set of regulations. However, carrying clothes that are modest (skirts and dresses that fall below the knee & tops that cover the neck, bosom, and shoulders) and feminine are recommended.

Carry a headscarf with you at all times as the heat can soar here and the sun is bright. Men and Women are expected to cover their head when entering holy places.

Men should wear ankle or calf-length trousers.

Few more cultural etiquettes in Azerbaijan include - avoid the use of lip balm in public areas as it is considered provocative. Walking around with wet hair in public areas imply that you just got laid.

Do not drink water directly from the bottle. Pour it into the glass first. Else, be prepared for getting frowned upon.

Women tourists should avoid smoking in public. Most public places prohibit smoking.

Armenia (996 km)
A beautiful landlocked country and a stark enemy of Azerbaijan, Armenia is situated along the great silk route. The place is famous for old-world architecture, wine, natural attractions. Armenia is also recognized for being the first country to have officially adopted Christianity. It is also home to the oldest cathedral in the world and the longest cable ropeway.

Georgia (428 km)
A small yet breathtaking country with traces of the Medieval era is popular as the cradle of winemaking and scenic beauty. Its capital Tbilisi is known for cobblestoned, maize-like streets and the art of winemaking. Experience the magic of old-world charm in this friendly neighbour of Azerbaijan.

Iran (689 km)
Formerly called Persia, Iran is another Islamic country famous for art, history, culture, food, and what not! Alongside rich heritage, the place is visited for its gardens, naturally occurring hot springs, poets, and Persian crafts. The place has 21 UNESCO-recognized world heritage sites for you to explore. Need we say more?

Russia (338 km)
The city-life of Russia welcomes you to the world of art, party, music, wild nightlife much like New York in the USA. The country has more than 26 UNESCO World Heritage sites. It is a place sprawled with libraries, music theatres, concert halls, art galleries and so much more. On the other hand, the country is home to Omyakon village, the only inhabited place that records the lowest temperature in the world (almost -72 degrees). The shades of Russia are plenty that there is no term like'boredom' here.

Turkey (17 km)
Enjoy lip-smacking food, explore rich historical sites and museums. There is something interesting to explore in Turkey every step of the way. Rest your tired body like a royal in the Hammams, or the Turkish Baths. Go back in time at the Mount Nemrut, also a UNESCO Heritage Site. Prepare to be amazed at the white and azure pools of Pamukkale, one of the plenty UNESCO World Heritage Sites of the country.

Distance Between Places of Importance in and Around Armenia

Azerbaijan to UAE: 2929 km

Baku to Armenia: 996 km

Azerbaijan to Georgia: 428 km

Azerbaijan to Iran: 689 km

Azerbaijan to Russia: 338 km

Baku to Turkey: 17 km

Baku To Gabala: 215 km

Baku To Shahdag: 210 km

Baku to Quba: 168 km

The Azerbaijanis love pancakes, aka, Kutabi. These savoury pancakes are traditionally stuffed with fresh veggies, meat along with herb sprinkles before being toasted on a griddle.

Azerbaijan is believed to the home to early men dating back to 1.5 million years. The fact is based on research conducted by Archaeologists in the Azokh cave where prehistoric remains and tools were discovered.

The Nagorno-Karabakh region is officially recognized as a part of Azerbaijan even though the region has self-declared itself to be an autonomous body. You can find the most epic ranges and vineyards and mulberry groves here.

Azerbaijanis love their tea and they love it with Jam. Yes, that is right! The tea here is often sweetened and served with Jam.

Sugar is auspicious in Azerbaijan. They are known for the sweet tooth. No wedding is considered complete without Sugar.

The horses of Azerbaijan are honoured and cherished. The Karabakh horse, known for its speed, stamina and IQ is one of the national symbols of Azerbaijan.

The country enjoys the use of proverbs. For instance, Politeness is not sold in the bazaar.

Natural Gas happens to be a major business for Azerbaijan. All thanks to the famed Yanar Dag (the fire mountain) that blazes all year-round while feeding the huge underground gas deposits.

Even though Azerbaijan earns most of its living from oil and gas, it also exploits grapes, cotton, grains, and livestock industry. Tough competition to its neighbours.

Azerbaijani currency, aka Manat, is greatly inspired by the Euros.

The city is home to Arm Wrestling Federation. People here take an avid interest in this sport.

Azerbaijan is the breeding ground of maximum number of mud volcanoes (more than 400). Owing to this, the gas leaves an eggy smell in the air each time a volcano erupts.

Carpet weaving is a much-appreciated art in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan's Carpet Museum is a fine representation of the same.

Chovkan is the national game of Azerbaijan. Like the game of Polo, this sport, however, is played to the tunes of music in traditional outfits.

The craft of Crochet happens to be a'cool' factor among the Azerbaijani kids and teens.

Baku, Azerbaijan's capital, is admired by travellers even more than Dubai for its architecture and love for gold.

You can literally float through the entire capital of Azerbaijan in a Gondola. For this reason, Baku is also known as Little Venice.

After the Azeri, Russian happens to be the language widely spoken here. English is not recognized so much on the streets of Azerbaijan, esp. the remote areas.

Bread is a sacred item here. Azerbaijanis do not throw it in the trash if it goes unconsumed. Instead, they hang it in bags as a sign of respect. If you accidentally drop it, it is customary to kiss it as a mark of respect and apology.

The rights of Press and human rights are not clearly defined in the constitution of Azerbaijan.

You will find several Azerbaijanis, especially, the seniors with gold teeth.

The country has the largest collection of farms. Up until the Soviet rule, they used to live on what they grew and made on their farms. Talk about living green and living simpler!

The newborns in Azerbaijan are bathed in salt water with the aim to make them strong, truthful, and strong-willed.

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